* @param high 结束索引
While Gelidium seaweeds can be collected by gathering fragments washed ashore, mass production of agar requires steady, large quantities.10 Harvesters in New Zealand during WWII had to “walk beside a boat, waist to armpit deep in water and feel for the weed with their feet.” Handling large volumes of wet seaweed (which yields less than five percent agar) was challenging. Then as now, when Gelidium is harvested by scuba divers from rocky seabeds, collectors have to understand the life cycle of the algae, find the most likely locations for its growth, and prevent overharvesting to safeguard future yields.
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This was not the first time that microbiologists experienced problems with agar. A phenomenon called “The Great Plate Count Anomaly” baffled researchers in the early 20th century when they observed that the number of cells seen under a microscope didn’t match the actual number of colonies growing on an agar plate. Investigating this discrepancy, researchers found agar itself to be the culprit: when nutrient broths are heated with agar during boiling, harmful byproducts (hydroperoxide) can form due to the reaction of agar with phosphate minerals contained in the media. Researchers can avoid this by autoclaving agar separately from the nutrient broth, or by reducing the amount of agar used.